Steam boileb



Feb. '26 I924.`

c. z ALEXANDE ET Ai.

STEAM BOILER 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. ll

Feb. 26. 1924` c. z. ALEXANDER ET AL STEAM BOILER Filed Aug. 11 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Feb. 26,'1924.7

UNITED STATES 1.484.851 PATENT orrics.

CARL Z. ALEXANDER AND EARL S. ALEXANDER, F NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

STEAM IBOILER.

Application filed August 11, 1921.` Serial No. 491,645.

To rf/l' 'who/1L it may concern.

lie it known that we. CARL Z. .ALEXANDER :md linux. S. ALEXANDER. citizens of the United titntcs. and residents of Newark,

oriheating units from which the unevap orated water may be returned to the water jacket if desired.

. In the accompanying drawing showing in l 25 with inward projecting corrugations or ribs a somewhat diagrammatic` way illustrative embodiments of this invention,

Fig. l is a vertical section through a boiler taken along the line l-'-1 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 is a partial horizontal section along the line 2-2 of F ig. 1.v Y

Fig. 3' is a horizontal section along the line 3-3 of Fig. l. i

Fig. 4 is a similar horizontal section showingr a modified construct-ion.

Fig. 5 is a central vertical section showing a modified construction: and

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section Aline 6--6 of Fig.- 5.`

The boiler may comprise any suitable lire not Water jacket or section such es 1 of cast iron or other suitable materiel which may be mounted on the base or ash pit section 3 `provided with the ash door 4. fThe tire pot water jacket may as indicated in Fig. 3 be formed with inwardly extending vertical ribs or projections so as `to have a corrugated inner surface, and this Water jacket may be cast with any desired number of upwardly extending and preferably substantially vertical restricted area. geyscr tubes 39.. whichmay advantageously be arran ed adjacent the inner or heated surface of t is water jacket While the external cooling 'thereof may be minimized if desired by making the Water jacket thinner at these points, so that the geyser tubes touch the outer surface which can be given a heavier coatin or layer of asbestos or other heat insu atingl material. These geyscr tubes should not be `oi" so great' area of cross section as to prevent the efficient lifting action of the steam upon the water in the tubes, and although it is not in all cases necessary, these geyser tubes muy' at their lower ends communicate with enlargedV area geyser cham-` 100 bers 45 open 'at their lower ends, so as to receive Water from the water jacket and arran *ed` to be heated by the adjacent hot part of t 1e fire pot wall. The rest of the tire pot` water jacket in this construction shown in 105 Fig- 3 comprises separated Water chambers 48 which are tonnected at their top and lbottom by yokes or rings such as the steam ring. 4f extending around outside of the Igeyscr tubes as indicated inFg. l.

5 county of lisscX and State of New Jersey,

have invented certain new and useful Improvmnents in Steam Boilers, of which the tolowirniY is a specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, which 1 1U forms part of the same.

This invention relates especially to boilers j for steam-lieating, ctc., of the type covered by the Alexander Patent No. 1,240,804vof September 25, i917, in which one or more geyser tubes are cast integral with or formed withinthc ire pot water jacket or boiler section more or less enclosing or suroundingr the fire. In the onse of cast iron or cast Steel lire pots of unter jacket construction, one

or more upwardly extending or substantially vertical guyser tubes may be formed or cast in the same, ircicrably adjacent the inner or heated sur ace of theJ fire pot which may be advantageously formed in some cases thereof on to still further heat these gcyser tubes.A These geyser tubes are preferably of restricted uren to give good water circulatin or lifting action. and preferably communicate at their lower ends with geyser chambers of greater area which may have similar heat receiving; corrugations and projections und be located if'dcsired in the hottest part of the lire pot. These geyscr chambers preferably comu'lunicate nt their lou-er portions with the water jacket to receive imiter therefrom or from other parts loi the boiler circulation. so that under nor mal operating conditions the `(levelopment 40 oi.' steam in the geyser tubes and chambers keeps a substantially constant automatic circulation of Water and steam up through the geyser tubes to supply any desired form of supplemental heating or evaporating means, which may be largely or wholly located above the normal water level of the boiler. A series of steam chambers or heating heads may be mounted above the ltire pot for this purpose and provided with tor- 450 tuous channeled or shallow water receiving portions which may communicate with each other and with the water jacket, and any desired forni of nipples or connections may conduct the water from the gcyser tubes to one or more of these upper steam chambers section in this case and connected therewith by acasing 41, having the angq- 'A to be bolted or connected to the upper nge or top 16 of the fire pot section. These steam chambers maybe formed with shallow water receiving cu orating portions .of an desired or suita le construction, and as own in Fig. 2 a labyrinth arrangement of guide flanges and channels may be formed on the bottom of each of these steam chambers to ide the water in zigzag paths over the ating surfaces, so that the water islieated and evaporated in thiusheeizsm,4 The upper steam chamber 7 may as indicated be formed with ribs or` pro'ectiops 19, forming the channels 20 to gui e the water as it'iows 1n- Ward and downward over the somewhat conical bottom i8 andnally asses through. the

nipple connection to -t e lower head or steam chamber 17, where the water flows out-- Ward and downward in zigzag paths through the channels formed by the projections or flanges 34 in which alternate end recesses or passages 38 are formed as indicated'in Fig. 2. This lower steam chambermay be Y formed with the discharge'recess 26 connected to th water jacke't'as b the pipe connections 8, 29 and 30 shown in Fig. '1. Flue passages are preferably arranged around and through these Vupper heatin units, the lower steam chamber 1.7 having i desired such diameter that the gases may pass around it while any desired number of smoke flues 21 may he formed in the upper steam chamber 7 to carry the flue gases up into the smokebox 12, having' the smoke pi e connection or neck 13 detachably or ot erwise secured thereto. The steam pipe 47 may be connected to the up er steam chamber and the interior 44 o this chamber communicates through the nipple 25 with the interior 33 of the one or more lower steam chambers employed.

Under operating conditions the lire heats the inner surface o f the fire. pot water jacket and generates steam in' thel g'eyser chambers i5 and conununicatin eyser tubes 39, so that this steai'n tends to in these geyser tubes and.' carry it up through the nipple connections 22 into one or more of the upper heads or heating units -tn be further heated and evaporated therein. Also under forcedfiring, the evaporation in the other fire pot vsections becomes Suthcient to raise thc normal water level 49, and carry further quantities of Water up through the water Y `Water on their ou er or rear surfaces away from the fire. Th somewhat simpliiies the construction and gives freer communication between the Water and steam sections of the main water jacket, although of course.

V somewhat less efficient heating of the geyscr tubes is secured in this case.

The relative size of these geyser" tubes 50 is somewhat exaggerated for the sake of clearness in this drawing, and for ordinary small or household boilers, these geyser tubes may have a cross sectional 'area of between one and two square inchesor so in most cases de nding somewhat on their shape; it heilig o course, understood that where the thickness of these gcyser tube passages is relatively small such asthree fourths of an inch or less, their width and cross section can be considerably 1 increased in some eases.

Figs.` 5 andr show another illustrative arrangement in which the geyser tubes are arranged adjacent the inner wall of the fire box water jacket ,and more or less therefrom so as to be heated still more readily. The fire box section 52 of this water jacket construction mayphave the inner wall 53 more or less'corrugated as by forming therein projections or corrugations 55. The tubes may be more or less embeddedinthis inner wall of the water jacket if desired, a d'asillustrated these ,geyser tubes 64 which communicate at their lower ends 62 with the water space 54 of the water iacket, project into the fire y ot throughout at leastV partfof .their lengtii i cases may be cast or formed so as to prac; tically project into the fire box space as indicated, where still greater heat absorbing capacity is desired. In some cases also the upper parts of these'geyser tubes l65 may be rotrude and in some bent inward so as `to bridge the upper part p au' su j vsuc as the nipples 76 connected to t e water i. .so that under force ,cated therein. Additional rangcments, materials, methods of manufacture and use, tothe-deby a vseries of ni le connections 78, having the threaded bus 1n 79 to make tight conner-,tion if desired. e geyser tube or connection 69 which ma have a push nipple connection with the an e 66 on the junction box, may have a simi ar connection with the iiange in the bottom 72 of the upper.

steam chamber to which'the water is suplied under tirin conditions as indicated. is water may is distributed throughout this steam chamber in thin sheets or streams by any suitable arrangiament as by the ribs or projections 73,*whic form suitable channels 74 around which the water may run before descending tothe lower steam chainber- 67 through the nipple connections 78. This lower steam chamber may have similar ribs or projections as 81 forming a series of water passages 80, the radial ribs 82 combined with the recesses 83 in the annular ribs formin a labyrinth or zigzag passa e down whic the water flows toward t` Vie center of the steam chamber as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 6. The dischar e opening 85 receives this unevaporate water which may thus pass through the passage 86 to the lower part of the water jacket through the pipe connections 28, 29`and 30. In this instance this lower steam chamber 67 is formed with a cast-in central collar 88 forming a passagey 70 of considerable area through which 'the Hue gasesrmay passfso Vas to still further heat these parts of the steamr chambers and the ue gases may ass around the lower steam chamber 67 and t eu vup throu h the smoke passages 93 in the u r cham er ,communicating with the smo e Eg: 71 as indicated. Supplemental `water p lying connections may` also be rovided jacket and to the u per steam chamber 57, firing conditions additional supplies of water are raised into the 4interior 44 of this chamber so as to be fed therefrom to the lower chamber 67.' If desired the threaded nuts or bushin 77 on these nipples may force the steam fambers together and they may be bolted to the lire box section as by the bolts and nutel.A

The casing 87 may enclose the lower section and steam supply pipes or connections 47, 89 may conduct the steam to theradiators,

dryers, steam engines, or other devices where it isi-utilized.

This invention has been described in connection with a` number of illustrative em` bodiments, forms, proportions, parte, arconstruction and tailsof which diselosurethis invention is 'not of course to be limited, since what 'is' claimed as new and what is desired to be Secured by Letters Patent is set forth in the appended claims:

ieyser devices lo 1'. A boiler comprising a substantially ver tical corrugated cast metal tire pot water jacket having adjacent its inner surface a series of integral substantialiy vertical geyser tubes of restricted area extending to the outer wall of said water jacket, an enlarged geyser chamber communicating with the lower end of cach oi' said geyscr tubes and opening into said water jacket, u series of substantially horizontal steam chambers arranged above said fire pot water jacket, and havingr beating surfaces communicating with each o'thcr and with said water jacket, gcyser tube connections connecting the ,upper 'ends of said geyser tubes with the upper.`

steam chamber adjacent its periphery, a steam connection extending around said water jacket adjacent its uppcr cnil, connections betwecn said stcum connection and an upper steam chamber, and flue passages adjacent said steam chambers for the passage of gases from said fire pot.

2. A boiler comprising a cast metal corrugated lire pot waterjacket having adjacent its inner surface a series of integral substantial ly vertical geyser tubes of restricted area extending to theouter wall of said water jacket, an enlarged geyser chamber communicating with the lower end of each of said geyser tubes and ojnaninnr into said water jacket, a series of steam chambers arranged above said re pot water jacket, and having heating surfaces communicating with each .other and with said water jacket, geyser chamber adjacent its periphery, and flueV passages adjacent said steam chambers for.,

the passage of gases-from said fire port.

3. A boiler comprising. a cast metal f'ire pot water jacket having adjacent its inner surface a series of siibstantially verticai gcy ser tubes of restricted area extending to the outer wall of said water jacket, a steam chamber arranged above said fire pot water jacket, and having heating surfaces communicating with said water jacket, '-geyser tube connections connecting the upper ends of said geyserf tubes with said steam chambers, and flue assages adjaccntsaidV steam chambers for tlie passage of gases from said lindrical vertical ing adjacent its inner surface aseries of substantially vertical geyser tubes of restricted area, an enlarged geyscr chamber communicating with theloWer end of each of said geyser tubes and opening at its lower end into lsaid water jacket, av series ofsubstantialljr horizontal steam chambers ar ranged above said ,fire pot water jacket, and having incljned channeled heating surfaces communicating with each other and with the lower portion of said water jacket, ygey- 4. A boiler comgi'ising aA substantially cyre pot `water jacket havi lll ser tube connection nipples connecting the upper ends of said geyser tubes with the upper steam chamber adjacent its peripher a steam ring extending around sald water jacket adjacent its upper` end, connection nipples between said steam ring and an upper steam chamber, and flue passages around and through said steam chambers for the passage of hot gases from said fire pot.

5. boiler comprising a vertical fire pot water jacket having adjacent its inner suril'acc a series of substantially vertical .geyser tubes of restricted area, an enlarged geyser chamber communicating with the lower end of each of said gej'scr tubes and opening at its lower end into said water jacket, a series ol' steam chambers arranged above said fire pot water jacket, and having inclined heating surfaces communicating with eachother and with said water jacket, geyser tube conneet-ions connecting the upper ends of said geyser tubes with the upper steam chamber adjacent its periphery, a vSteam ring extendingaround said water jacket adjacent its upper end,` connection nipples between said steam ring and an upper steam chamber, and ue passages around said steam chambers for the passage of hot gases from said re pot.

6. A boiler comprising a vertical fire pot water jacket having adjacent its inner surface a series of geyser tubes of restricted area, in enlarged geyser chamber communieating with the lower end of each of said geyser tubes and openinnr jacket, a; series of steam dhambers arranged above said fire pot water jacket, and having inclined heatin with each other and with said water acket, geyser tube connectionsfconnecting t e upper ends of said geyser tubes 'with the upper steam chamber adjacent its periphery, and flue passages around said steam chambers for the passage of hot gases from said fire ot. P7. A boiler comprising a. substantially vertical cast metal fire ot Water jacket having a series of integra geyser tubes of restricted area, an enlarged geyser chamber adjacent the heated surface of said water jacket and communicating with the-lower end of each of said geyser tubes and opeing at its lower'end into said water jacket,

'supplemental evaporating means arranged above said fire pot water jacket, and having shallow water receiving heating surfaces communicating with each other and lwith said water jacket, 'nudge-year tube connec-` tions connecting 'said geyser tubes with said supplemental evaporating' means adjacent its' periphery;

8. A boiler comprising ,a cast metal lfire pot water jacket having a, series of integral geyser'tnbes oi restricted. area, an enlarged geyserchamber ad'acent/th heated surface of said water `jlciset Vand communicating into said water surfaces communicating with the lower en d of eachof said geyser tubes, sipplemental evaporating means arranged above said ire pot waterjacket, an'd having shallw water receiving heating surfaces communicating with each other an with said water jacket and geyser tube connections connecting said geyser tubes with said supplemental evap'oratin mleans.

j 9. A boiler comprising a hre pot water jacket, having a series of geyser tubes of restricted area, an enlarged geyser chamber 'adjacent its inner surface a substantially vertical integral geyser tube .of restricted area, an enlarged geyser chamber communieating with the lower end of said geyser tube arjd communicating atjtslower end with said water jacket, a steam chamber arranged above said -fire pot section and having heating surfaces communicating ,with

said water jacket, and eyser tube connections connecting the lu per eiid of said ,ceyser tube with thensteam chambenand flue passages aroundv said Steam chamber for t ie passage of gases from said fire pot.A

11. A boiler comprising a water jacket fire pot section having adjacent its inner surface an upwardly extending integral igeylser tube of restricted area, an enlarged geyser chamber communicating with the lower end'of said geysertube. and communicating at its lower end with -said water jacket, a. steam chamber arranged abbve said fire pot section, and having heating surfaces communicating with said water jacket, and

geyser tube connections connecting the 11pper. end of said chamber.

1.2. A boiler comprising a water jacket re pot section having ad'acent its inner Surface an upwardly exten ing geyser tube of restricted area, a steam chamber arranged above said fire pot section, and Vhavingbeating surfaces 'and geyser ltube. connections connecting the upper end of said geysei'- tube with the steam chamber. Y

13. A boiler. comprising fire box section having'embedded therein a. geyser tube communicating at itsV lower portion with a1 water space of said boiler, a steim chamber arranged above said fire box 'having heating surfaces above the normal water level in said boiler, said geyser tube gcyser tube with the steam section and matically supply water thereto under firing and having heating surfaces above the conditions. normal water level in said boiler, said geyser 14. A boilercomprising a fire section havdevice eommunicatin r said steam chamber, u

ing adjaeent the inner wall thereofl a geyser to automatically supp y water thereto under yf device communicating at its lower portion fire conditions.

with a water space of said boiler, a steam CARL Z. ALEXANDER. chamber arranged above said lire section, EARL S. ALEXANDER. 

